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Goddess Māmakī East Java, Melang district, Candi Jago, 13th cen, volcanic stone, h. of figure 29 cm, British Museum, London According to Stephen Hodge (2000), Devi Māmakī represents one of probably dozens of Indian goddesses of independent origins who were later integrated into Buddhist tantric ritual and iconography. Debuting thus as a "stand-alone" goddess in both the Kriyā and Caryā Tantras, Māmakī later features in Hevajra Tantra as Consort of Buddha Aksobhya. This later point, however, appears to disagree with Kinney (2003: 121-22) where the (above) East Javanese version of the goddess is described as the Consort of Ratnasambhava. |
